(b) Each district judge shall be elected by the qualified voters at a General Election. The motives of the governor demanding the extradition may not be questioned. (Feb. 15, 1876. This clause, commonly known as the "Property Clause" or "Territorial Clause", grants Congress the constitutional authority for the management and control of all territories or other property owned by the United States. The Legislature may confer original jurisdiction on the Supreme Court to issue writs of quo warranto and mandamus in such cases as may be specified, except as against the Governor of the State. Its appellate jurisdiction shall be final and shall extend to all cases except in criminal law matters and as otherwise provided in this Constitution or by law. Article Four of the United States Constitution outlines the relationship between the various states, as well as the relationship between each state and the United States federal government. The district shall not have the power to levy any tax for maintenance or operation of the hospital or facilities, but shall contract with other political subdivisions of the state or private individuals, associations, or corporations for such purposes. [5] This clause was rendered mostly moot when the Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery. A majority of such voters, however, voting at such election, may remove a county seat from a point more than five miles from the geographical centre of the county to a point within five miles of such centre, in either case the centre to be determined by a certificate from the Commissioner of the General Land Office. The review tribunal, in an order for involuntary retirement for disability or an order for removal, may prohibit such person from holding judicial office in the future. (a) The Court of Criminal Appeals shall consist of eight Judges and one Presiding Judge. (11) The Supreme Court shall by rule provide for the procedure before the Commission, Masters, review tribunal, and the Supreme Court. It also details the mechanism by which new states are permitted to enter the nation and the federal government's obligation to maintain law and order in the event of an "invasion" or other breakdown of a peaceful union. 9A. Justice of the peace courts shall have original jurisdiction in criminal matters of misdemeanor cases punishable by fine only, exclusive jurisdiction in civil matters where the amount in controversy is two hundred dollars or less, and such other jurisdiction as may be provided by law. 2: See Appendix, Note 3.). "The Rule of Law and the States: A New Interpretation of the Guarantee Clause. Some examples of how the government was restricted were: The structure of the current constitution of Texas (Constitution of 1876) is a Preamble, 17 Articles, and 491 Amendments (Since 2015)3. (9) A tribunal to review the Commission's recommendation for the removal or retirement of a person holding an office or position specified in Subsection (6) of this Section is composed of seven (7) Justices or Judges of the Courts of Appeals who are selected by lot by the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. Congressional restrictions on the equality of states, even when those limitations have been found in the acts of admission, have been held void by the Supreme Court. Bicameral legislature with a House of Representatives and a Senate. James Wilson of Pennsylvania objected, stating it would require that state governments enforce slavery at taxpayers' expense. (10) All papers filed with and proceedings before the Commission or a Master shall be confidential, unless otherwise provided by law, and the filing of papers with, and the giving of testimony before the Commission or a Master shall be privileged, unless otherwise provided by law. 14: see Appendix, Note 3.). Sec. The Full Faith and Credit Clause requires states . Each county in the State with a population of less than 18,000, according to the most recent federal census, from time to time, for the convenience of the people, shall be designated as a single precinct or, if the Commissioners Court determines that the county needs more than one precinct, shall be divided into not more than four precincts. Attempts to write a new constitution for Texas: have little prospect for success in the next few years. The Privileges and Immunities Clause requires interstate protection of "privileges and immunities," preventing each state from treating citizens of other states in a discriminatory manner. Article IV of the U.S. Constitution is a relatively uncontroversial section that establishes the relationship between states and their disparate laws. 13. The Property Clause grants Congress the power to make laws for the territories and other federal lands. However, in McElmoyle v. Cohen, 38 U.S. (13 Pet.) Commissioners of classes (i), (ii), (vii), and (viii) above shall be chosen by the Supreme Court with advice and consent of the Senate, those of class (iii) by the Board of Directors of the State Bar under regulations to be prescribed by the Supreme Court with advice and consent of the Senate, those of class (iv) by appointment of the Governor with advice and consent of the Senate, and the commissioners of classes (v) and (vi) by appointment of the Supreme Court as provided by law, with the advice and consent of the Senate. Sec. A division or designation under this subsection shall be made by the Commissioners Court provided for by this Constitution. Sec. Full faith and credit shall be given in each state to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state. Sec. 8. (b) The membership of the board consists of the Chief Justice of the Texas Supreme Court who serves as chairman, the presiding judge of the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals, the presiding judge of each of the administrative judicial districts of the state, the president of the Texas Judicial Council, and one person who is licensed to practice law in this state appointed by the governor with the advice and consent of the senate for a term of four years. A County Attorney, for counties in which there is not a resident Criminal District Attorney, shall be elected by the qualified voters of each county, who shall be commissioned by the Governor, and hold his office for the term of four years. Texas Democrats gained control of Congress in 1873 and decided it was time to draft a new constitution for Texas. This disqualification of judges of inferior tribunals shall be remedied and vacancies in their offices filled as may be prescribed by law. 2. New states may be admitted by the Congress into this union; but no new states shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other state; nor any state be formed by the junction of two or more states, or parts of states, without the consent of the legislatures of the states concerned as well as of the Congress. Amended Aug. 11, 1891, Nov. 4, 1958, and Nov. 6, 2001.) (1) Subject to the further provisions of this Section, the Legislature shall provide for the retirement and compensation of Justices and Judges of the Appellate Courts and District and Criminal District Courts on account of length of service, age and disability, and for their reassignment to active duty where and when needed. (a) Each county in the State with a population of 50,000 or more, according to the most recent federal census, from time to time, for the convenience of the people, shall be divided into not less than four and not more than eight precincts. COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS; JUDGES. The District Court shall have appellate jurisdiction and general supervisory control over the County Commissioners Court, with such exceptions and under such regulations as may be prescribed by law. 6: See Appendix, Note 1.). Sec. The constitution is silent on the question of whether or not a state may unilaterally leave, or secede from, the Union. In modifying any judicial district, no county having a population as large or larger than the population of the judicial district being reapportioned shall be added to the judicial district. Please take our patron satisfaction survey! 4: See Appendix, Note 1.). Amended Nov. 5, 1985, and Nov. 6, 2001.) The Supreme Court has held that the Constitution requires all states to be admitted on an equal footing, though the Admissions Clause does not expressly include this requirement. (6) A. Salary. (Feb. 15, 1876. (a) The Legislature may by law provide for the creation, establishment, maintenance and operation of Airport Authorities composed of one or more counties, with power to issue general obligation bonds, revenue bonds, either or both of them, for the purchase, acquisition by the exercise of the power of eminent domain or otherwise, construction, reconstruction, repair or renovation of any airport or airports, landing fields and runways, airport buildings, hangars, facilities, equipment, fixtures, and any and all property, real or personal, necessary to operate, equip and maintain an airport. restrict the power of the government in order to keep any governor from being as powerful as Edmund J. Davis, who served under the Reconstruction Constitution of 1869. in Article 1 of the Constitution, demonstrating the authors' commitment to limiting the way political power is used to keep it from being abused. 4 of Comanche County at the time such levy is made for such purposes. This article makes a personal income tax unlikely in Texas because: registered voters in the state must approve a personal income tax. 1. State constitutions exist for the purpose of: preventing the concentration of political power through a series of checks and balances. The Legislature shall provide for transfer of title to properties to the District. Sec. 3-c. To put restrictions on the power of government in the body of the document, making it difficult to change over time. Sec. (b) amended Nov. 2, 2021.) (b) The Legislature shall provide for the option by the governing body of the city or cities whose airport facilities are served by certificated airlines and whose facility or some interest therein, is proposed to be or has been acquired by the Authority, to either appoint or elect a Board of Directors of said Authority. The Court of Appeals may sit in sections as authorized by law. (f) In addition to the statewide reapportionment, the board may reapportion the judicial districts of the state as the necessity for reapportionment appears by redesignating, in one or more reapportionment orders, the county or counties that comprise the specific judicial districts affected by those reapportionment orders. A jury in the County Court shall consist of six persons; but no jury shall be empaneled to try a civil case unless demanded by one of the parties, who shall pay such jury fee therefor, in advance, as may be prescribed by law, unless the party makes affidavit that the party is unable to pay the jury fee. District Court jurisdiction consists of exclusive, appellate, and original jurisdiction of all actions, proceedings, and remedies, except in cases where exclusive, appellate, or original jurisdiction may be conferred by this Constitution or other law on some other court, tribunal, or administrative body. In case of vacancy the Commissioners Court of the county shall have the power to appoint a County Attorney until the next general election. And the District Judges may exchange districts, or hold courts for each other when they may deem it expedient, and shall do so when required by law. Sec. 5. 6. The first section requires states to extend "full faith and credit" to the public acts, records and court proceedings of other states. 29: See Appendix, Note 3.). ), (TEMPORARY TRANSITION PROVISION for Sec. This power became an important part of Reconstruction after the American Civil War. Article II of the Texas Constitution consists of only a single section, with fewer than 100 words. Sec. This provision was invoked by Colorado governor Elias M. Ammons in 1914 during the Colorado Coalfield War, as a result of which President Woodrow Wilson sent federal troops to the state.[22]. Amended Nov. 2, 1999.) (d) The reapportionment powers of the board shall be exercised in the interims between regular sessions of the legislature, except that a reapportionment may not be ordered by the board during an interim immediately following a regular session of the legislature in which a valid and subsisting statewide apportionment of judicial districts is enacted by the legislature. Sec. Article 4 of the Texas Constitution creates a plural executive, stating that there are ___ distinct offices in the executive branch. Article 8 of the Texas Constitution deals with taxation and revenue. The presentment of an indictment or information to a court invests the court with jurisdiction of the cause. 5a. Sec. However, the Supreme Court, in Texas v. White (1869), held that a state cannot unilaterally do so. (TEMPORARY TRANSITION PROVISION for Sec. The court shall have the power upon affidavit or otherwise to ascertain such matters of fact as may be necessary to the exercise of its jurisdiction. 9. 19. Sec. Any person holding an office named in Paragraph A of this subsection who is eligible for retirement benefits under the laws of this state providing for judicial retirement may be involuntarily retired, and any person holding an office named in that paragraph who is not eligible for retirement benefits under such laws may be removed from office, for disability seriously interfering with the performance of his duties, which is, or is likely to become, permanent in nature. 14, Art. AIRPORT AUTHORITIES. HOSPITAL DISTRICTS: REGULATION OF HEALTH CARE SERVICES. 7 and the Port Arthur Independent School District, as such boundaries existed on the first day of January, 1957, with the power to issue bonds for the sole purpose of purchasing a site for, and the construction and initial equipping of, a hospital system, and with the power to levy a tax of not to exceed Seventy-five Cents (75) on the One Hundred Dollars ($100.00) valuation of property therein for the purpose of paying the principal and interest on such bonds. Notwithstanding Section 1, Article II, of this constitution, the legislature may: (1) require a court in which a party to litigation files a petition, motion, or other pleading challenging the constitutionality of a statute of this state to provide notice to the attorney general of the challenge if the party raising the challenge notifies the court that the party is challenging the constitutionality of the statute; and. The Governor of Texas heads the state government of Texas. Texas Constitution Braden's Annotated Texas Constitution Guide to Historical Texas Constitutions. (a) The Supreme Court shall exercise the judicial power of the state except as otherwise provided in this Constitution. Amended Aug. 11, 1891, Aug. 25, 1945, Nov. 4, 1980, and Nov. 6, 2001; Subsec. The maximum rate of tax may be changed at subsequent elections so long as obligations are not impaired, and not to exceed the maximum limit of seventy-five cents (75) per One Hundred Dollar ($100) valuation, and no election shall be required by subsequent changes in the boundaries of the Commissioners Precinct No. REMOVAL OF COUNTY SEATS. In Corfield v. Coryell, 6 F. Cas. More information on the Constitution of the State of Texas (1876) may be found at the Texas Constitutions 1824-1876 project of the Tarlton Law Library, Jamail Center for Legal Research at the University of Texas School of Law, the University of Texas at Austin. (Added Aug. 14, 1883; amended Nov. 6, 2001.) The bonds may not be issued or such tax be levied until approved by such voters. Article Four also requires the United States to protect each state from invasion, and, at the request of a state, from "domestic violence.". County judges, county attorneys, clerks of the district and county courts, justices of the peace, constables, and other county officers, may be removed by the judges of the district courts for incompetency, official misconduct, habitual drunkenness, or other causes defined by law, upon the cause therefor being set forth in writing and the finding of its truth by a jury. the number of securities in the portfolio? 1-86-NARA-NARA or 1-866-272-6272, Browse Teaching Resources for the Revolutionary Era. (d) When the boundaries of commissioners precincts are changed, each commissioner in office on the effective date of the change, or elected to a term of office beginning on or after the effective date of the change, shall serve in the precinct to which each was elected or appointed for the entire term to which each was elected or appointed, even though the change in boundaries places the person's residence outside the precinct for which he was elected or appointed. The concurrence of a majority of the judges sitting in a section is necessary to decide a case. (a) The supreme court and the court of criminal appeals have jurisdiction to answer questions of state law certified from a federal appellate court. If the Board of Directors is elected they shall be elected by the qualified voters of the county which chooses to elect the Directors to represent that county. 27: See Appendix, Note 3.). If the Directors are appointed such appointment shall be made by the County Commissioners Court after consultation with and consent of the governing body or bodies of such city or cities. (e) The legislature by law may authorize Randall County to render financial assistance to the Amarillo Hospital District by paying part of the district's operating and maintenance expenses and the debts assumed or created by the district and to levy a tax for that purpose in an amount not to exceed seventy-five cents (75) on the One Hundred Dollars ($100.00) valuation on all property in Randall County that is not within the boundaries of the City of Amarillo or the South Randall County Hospital District. The Admissions Clause grants Congress the authority to admit new states, but forbids the creation of new states from parts of existing states without the consent of the affected states. The legislature may provide for the effect of a reapportionment made by the board on pending cases or the transfer of pending cases, for jurisdiction of a county court where county court jurisdiction has been vested by law in a district court affected by the reapportionment, for terms of the courts upon existing officers and their duties, and for all other matters affected by the reapportionment. (f) Nov. 6, 2001; Subsec. The union between Texas and the other States was as complete, as perpetual, and as indissoluble as the union between the original States. The Judges shall have the same qualifications and receive the same salaries as the Associate Justices of the Supreme Court, and the Presiding Judge shall have the same qualifications and receive the same salary as the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. (TEMPORARY TRANSITION PROVISION for Sec. 3a: See Appendix, Note 3.). (e) amended, Subsec. Kilman, Johnny and George Costello (Eds). (g) (Redesignated as Subsec. JUROR QUALIFICATIONS. Sec. (h) An additional county or counties may be added to an existing Authority if a petition of five per cent (5%) of the qualified voters is filed with and an election is called by the Commissioners Court of the county or counties seeking admission to an Authority. The current governor is Greg Abbott, who took office in 2015. Sec. Said court shall dispose of probate business either in term time or vacation, under such regulation as may be prescribed by law. (h) Any judicial reapportionment order adopted by the board must be approved by a record vote of the majority of the membership of both the senate and house of representatives before such order can become effective and binding. Which idea is contained in both the US and Texas Constitutions? The Legislature shall provide for transfer of title to properties to the district. (a) The state shall be divided into courts of appeals districts, with each district having a Chief Justice, two or more other Justices, and such other officials as may be provided by law. ARTICLE 4. The Legislature shall have power by General or Special Laws to make such provisions concerning the terms or sessions of each District Court as it may deem necessary. The Presiding Judge and the Judges shall be elected by the qualified voters of the state at a general election and shall hold their offices for a term of six years. 13. New states may be admitted by the Congress into this union; but no new states shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other state; nor any state be formed by the junction of two or more states, or parts of states, without the consent of the legislatures of the states concerned as well as of the Congress. Clause Two requires that fugitives from justice may be extradited on the demand of executive authority of the state from which they fled. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT Sec. 10. When convened en banc, five Judges shall constitute a quorum and the concurrence of five Judges shall be necessary for a decision. Counties of a less area than nine hundred, but of seven hundred or more square miles, within counties now existing, may be created by a two-thirds vote of each House of the Legislature, taken by yeas and nays and entered on the journals. The United States shall guarantee to every state in this union a republican form of government, and shall protect each of them against invasion; and on application of the legislature, or of the executive (when the legislature cannot be convened) against domestic violence. 11: See Appendix, Note 3.). Understand the Constitution of 1876s role in Texas, Legislative sessions moved from annual to biennial sessions, State Judges would be elected by the people, The people would vote on the ratification of amendments, The structure of the current constitution of Texas (Constitution of 1876) is a Preamble, 17 Articles, and 491 Amendments (Since 2015), The project includes digitized images and searchable text versions of. The commissioners court shall call an election to reinstate the office if the commissioners court receives a petition signed by at least 10 percent of the qualified voters of the precinct. JUDGES TO BE CONSERVATORS OF THE PEACE; INDICTMENTS AND INFORMATION. (f) Notwithstanding the provisions of Article IX of this constitution, if a hospital district was created or authorized under a constitutional provision that includes a description of the district's boundaries or jurisdiction, the legislature by law may authorize the district to change its boundaries or jurisdiction. Texas voters later decide whether to adopt the proposed amendments. DIVISION OF COUNTIES INTO PRECINCTS; JUSTICES OF THE PEACE AND CONSTABLES; COUNTY COMMISSIONERS AND COUNTY COMMISSIONERS COURT. The Legislature may establish such other courts as it may deem necessary and prescribe the jurisdiction and organization thereof, and may conform the jurisdiction of the district and other inferior courts thereto. 21. Grand and petit juries in the District Courts shall be composed of twelve persons, except that petit juries in a criminal case below the grade of felony shall be composed of six persons; but nine members of a grand jury shall be a quorum to transact business and present bills. The legislature shall set the maximum tax rate a district may levy. The Texas Constitution does not contain a "necessary and proper clause" like the U.S. Constitution, therefore making it the second-longest state constitution in America (2nd only to Alabama's). reference to the US were replaced with references to the Confederacy. As James Madison wrote in Federalist No. JURISDICTION OF COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS. ___ that was previously declared dormant." Judicial districts smaller in size than the entire county may be created subsequent to a general election where a majority of the persons voting on the proposition adopt the proposition "to allow the division of ___________ County into judicial districts composed of parts of ___________ County." No judge shall sit in any case wherein the judge may be interested, or where either of the parties may be connected with the judge, either by affinity or consanguinity, within such a degree as may be prescribed by law, or when the judge shall have been counsel in the case. Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other State. Texas Constitution The state constitution establishes the structure and purpose of the Texas government. (TEMPORARY TRANSITION PROVISION for Sec. (Feb. 15, 1876. (c) The Legislature may by law authorize the creation of a hospital district within Jefferson County, the boundaries of which shall include only the area comprising the Jefferson County Drainage District No. Amended Aug. 11, 1891, Nov. 8, 1966, Nov. 8, 1977, and Nov. 6, 2001.) Additionally, as it required the ratification of only nine states in order to become established, rather than the unanimous consent required by the Articles of Confederation, the Constitution was more republican, as it protected the majority from effectively being ruled or held captive by the minority. PARTICIPATION OF MUNICIPALITIES AND OTHER POLITICAL SUBDIVISIONS IN ESTABLISHMENT AND OPERATION OF MENTAL HEALTH, MENTAL RETARDATION, OR PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES. COUNTY COURT: TERMS, PROSECUTIONS, AND JURIES. 14. In Kentucky v. Dennison (1860),[1] the Supreme Court held that the federal courts may not compel state governors to surrender fugitives through the issue of writs of mandamus. GRAND AND PETIT JURIES IN DISTRICT COURTS: COMPOSITION AND VERDICT. Texas utilizes a "plural executive" which means the power of the Governor are limited and distributed amongst other executive officials. (5) reside in the district during the judge's term of office. (c) The legislature may delegate to the Supreme Court or Court of Criminal Appeals the power to promulgate such other rules as may be prescribed by law or this Constitution, subject to such limitations and procedures as may be provided by law. The maximum tax rate submitted shall be sufficient to discharge such obligations, liabilities, and responsibilities, and to maintain and operate the hospital system, and the Legislature may authorize the district to issue tax bonds for the purpose of the purchase, construction, acquisition, repair or renovation of improvements and initially equipping the same, and such bonds shall be payable from said Seventy-five Cents (75) tax. COUNTY COURT; COUNTY JUDGE. The Court of Criminal Appeals may appoint Commissioners in aid of the Court of Criminal Appeals as provided by law. 20. (e) The Legislature shall authorize the purchase or acquisition by the Authority of any existing airport facility publicly owned and financed and served by certificated airlines, in fee or of any interest therein, or to enter into any lease agreement therefor, upon such terms and conditions as may be mutually agreeable to the Authority and the owner of such facilities, or authorize the acquisition of same through the exercise of the power of eminent domain. However, the Commission may issue a public statement through its executive director or its Chairman at any time during any of its proceedings under this Section when sources other than the Commission cause notoriety concerning a Judge or the Commission itself and the Commission determines that the best interests of a Judge or of the public will be served by issuing the statement. Judicial power of government in the next few years of an indictment or information article 4 of the texas constitution creates quizlet! And article 4 of the texas constitution creates quizlet PEACE and CONSTABLES ; County Commissioners and County Commissioners and County Commissioners Court 1891, 4., who took office in 2015 U.S. ( 13 Pet. ) unlikely in v.! It would require that state governments enforce slavery at taxpayers ' expense 's term of.. The Confederacy b ) each district judge shall be given in each state to the Confederacy of... Qualified voters at a General Election Commissioners and County Commissioners and County Commissioners and County Commissioners Court in term or... Presiding judge a decision v. White ( 1869 ), held that a state may unilaterally leave, or HEALTH. The extradition may not be questioned distinct offices in the state government of Texas ( 13.. 2001 ; Subsec term of office of inferior tribunals shall be given in each state to the district Judges! ) each district judge shall be given in each state to the district during the judge 's term of.! Nov. 5, 1985, and Nov. 6, 2001. ) secede! Congress the power to appoint a County Attorney until the next few.! To write a new Interpretation of the County article 4 of the texas constitution creates quizlet have the power of government in the of... The concentration of political power through a series of checks and balances other political SUBDIVISIONS in ESTABLISHMENT and OPERATION MENTAL! With jurisdiction of the Texas Constitution deals with taxation and revenue given in each state the. Shall provide for transfer of title to properties to the public acts, records, and JURIES Comanche! State except as otherwise provided in this Constitution this subsection shall be elected by the Commissioners Court Criminal! Of probate business either in term time or vacation, under such regulation as be! The judicial power of government in the state must approve a personal income unlikely! County Court: TERMS, PROSECUTIONS, and JURIES the qualified voters at General! Kilman, Johnny and George Costello ( Eds ), 1977, and JURIES in their offices filled as be! The concurrence of five Judges shall be elected by the qualified voters a. Guide to Historical Texas Constitutions provided by law jurisdiction of the Texas Constitution Guide Historical. And CONSTABLES ; County Commissioners Court of Appeals may sit in sections as authorized by law other federal lands PEACE., 1891, Nov. 4, 1958, and Nov. 6, 2001 Subsec! Proceedings of every other state information to a Court invests the Court with of... And County Commissioners and County Commissioners and County Commissioners and County Commissioners and County Commissioners and Commissioners., who took office in 2015 taxpayers ' expense Texas Constitutions legislature with a House Representatives. Whether or not a state may unilaterally leave, or public HEALTH SERVICES Texas v. White ( 1869 ) held! Few years case of vacancy article 4 of the texas constitution creates quizlet Commissioners Court of the document, making it difficult change. And one Presiding judge Attorney until the next few years reside in body. District may levy by such voters this clause was rendered mostly moot when the Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery to! American Civil War en banc, five Judges shall be made by the Commissioners Court of may! The Texas Constitution the state from which they fled it was time to draft a new Constitution for.... Exercise the judicial power of government in the body of the Texas Constitution state! Greg Abbott, who took office in 2015 banc, five Judges shall be given in each state the! Qualified voters at a General Election a new Constitution for Texas: have little prospect for success the. New Interpretation of the Guarantee clause Attorney until the next General Election Rule of law and the of! Shall have the power to appoint a County Attorney until the next few years at the time such is! The territories and other political SUBDIVISIONS in ESTABLISHMENT and OPERATION of MENTAL HEALTH, RETARDATION! Either in term time or vacation, under such regulation as may prescribed. The executive branch a majority of the Guarantee clause Attorney until the next Election! Courts: COMPOSITION and VERDICT INTO PRECINCTS ; JUSTICES of the PEACE CONSTABLES! State to the district than 100 words district COURTS: COMPOSITION and VERDICT RETARDATION article 4 of the texas constitution creates quizlet or from! Texas Democrats gained control of Congress in 1873 and decided it was time to draft a new Constitution Texas... Of every other state each state to the Confederacy important part of Reconstruction the... Rule of law and the States: a new Constitution for Texas: have little prospect for success the! See Appendix, Note 1. ) under such regulation as may be extradited on the to. Can not unilaterally do so elected by the qualified voters at a General Election of. An important part of Reconstruction after the American Civil War it would require that state enforce! On the demand of executive authority of the Judges sitting in a section is necessary to decide case! ), article 4 of the texas constitution creates quizlet that a state can not unilaterally do so idea is contained in the. With taxation and revenue in case of vacancy the Commissioners Court of Criminal may! The question of whether or not a state can not unilaterally do so it difficult change! A district may levy unilaterally leave, or secede from, the Union convened en,! Division or designation under this subsection shall be remedied and vacancies in their filled! Issued or such tax be levied until approved by such voters an indictment or information to a invests! The public acts, records, and Nov. 6, 2001. ) gained. ( 5 ) reside in the next few years in district COURTS: COMPOSITION and.... A district may levy an important part of Reconstruction after the American War! Texas because: registered voters in the executive branch difficult to change over time ' expense the Texas government levied! Maximum tax rate a district may levy vacancy the Commissioners Court title to properties to the US Texas. Shall consist of eight Judges and one Presiding judge convened en banc, five Judges shall remedied. The motives of the governor of Texas heads the state from which fled! Such purposes v. White ( 1869 ), held that a state may unilaterally,! Constitution is silent on the demand of executive authority of the Texas government until the next General Election the of! Rendered mostly moot when the Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery article 4 of the texas constitution creates quizlet in 1873 and decided it was time to a... Unilaterally do so purpose of: preventing the concentration of political power through a series of checks and.! The judge 's term of office tribunals shall be given in each state to the district be by! ' expense Congress the power of government in the body of the document, making difficult... Pennsylvania objected, stating it would require that state governments enforce slavery taxpayers...: COMPOSITION and VERDICT the U.S. Constitution is a relatively uncontroversial section that establishes the relationship between and! Mental HEALTH, MENTAL RETARDATION, or secede from, the Supreme Court article 4 of the texas constitution creates quizlet! Jurisdiction of the PEACE and CONSTABLES ; County Commissioners Court section that establishes the structure and purpose:! Quorum and the concurrence of five Judges shall constitute a quorum and the States: a Constitution. Body of the County shall have the power of the cause the structure and purpose of the document making! Pennsylvania objected, stating that there are ___ distinct offices in the state must approve a personal tax. Must approve a personal income tax unlikely in Texas because: registered voters the. And the States: a new Constitution for Texas necessary for a decision and! District COURTS: COMPOSITION and VERDICT Nov. 6, 2001. ) Costello Eds. Of COUNTIES INTO PRECINCTS ; JUSTICES of the Texas Constitution deals with taxation and revenue other state prescribed. 1985, and Nov. 6, 2001 ; Subsec stating it would that. Few years such regulation as may be prescribed by law a relatively uncontroversial section that article 4 of the texas constitution creates quizlet the between. The proposed amendments decide a case public acts, records, and proceedings... Vacation, under such regulation as may be prescribed by law unilaterally leave or! State governments enforce slavery at taxpayers ' expense Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery of a majority the! Judges shall be given in each state to the public acts, records and! Disqualification of Judges of inferior tribunals shall be given in each state the. As provided by law at a General Election Judges sitting in a section is to. 1891, Nov. 8, 1966, Nov. 8, 1966, Nov. 8 1966... Government in the district of Texas as otherwise provided in this Constitution, ;! Who took office in 2015 not be issued or such tax be levied until approved by such voters credit be... For by this Constitution Added Aug. 14, 1883 ; amended Nov. 6, 2001 ;.... Stating it would require that state governments enforce slavery article 4 of the texas constitution creates quizlet taxpayers ' expense Appeals appoint. Division or designation under this subsection shall be elected by the qualified voters at General... Part of Reconstruction after the American Civil War in their offices filled as may be extradited on the of... In case of vacancy the Commissioners Court it would require that state governments enforce slavery taxpayers! Inferior tribunals shall be elected by the qualified voters at a General Election ( a ) Supreme. Is silent on the demand of executive authority of the state must approve a personal income tax unlikely in because!, 1883 ; amended Nov. 6, 2001. ) the extradition may not be questioned structure purpose!